Shell midden or deposit of oysters on the Damariscotta River in Maine. Sites like this contain massive quantities of oysters harvested some 2,200–1,300 years ago and were key to forming the foundation for this study. The white strip of oyster shell along the shoreline shows just a fraction of the oyster material. Photo courtesy read more UMaine researchers co-author Smithsonian study about Indigenous oyster consumption – B. Newsom, A. Kelley